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In Steam boilers, water is circulated inside the tubes, with the heat source surrounding them. The energy from the heat source may be extracted as radiant or convective & conduction. The furnace or radiant section is an open area accommodating the flames. The walls of the furnace section are lined with finned tubes called membrane panels, which are designed to absorb the radiant heat from the flame. The convection section is designed to absorb the heat from hot gases by conduction and convection.
